The proposed paper is an attempt to look into attachment trauma of children affected by both 2001-02 earthquake-and-riots in Gujarat. Attachment trauma can be defined as trauma that significantly disrupts the child's expectation of being cared about and looked after adequately by a caretaking adult through injury, separation, illness, death or other disruption of the primary caretaking relationship (Fonagy, 2005). Natural disasters and instances of social violence are precursors to not only social unrest but also to tremendous longstanding psychological distress to vulnerable population such as children. The paper is an outcome of a brief pilot research in Gujarat which is part of the author's ongoing Doctoral work. At first, the paper evaluates recent disaster psychology literature to illuminate prominent mental health implications for young survivors of extreme trauma and disasters. Then, it highlights how child and adolescent mental health post disaster concerns a re relatively underdeveloped and underreported areas in world wide disaster literature. Thirdly, the paper raises methodological and theoretical debates associated with working with children in disasters in developing countries. With this background, the efforts of author's own pilot research are presented. The prime focus of ongoing research is to differentiate the trauma of earthquake-affected-children from those children who were affected by riots or social violence. Video-recorded Child Attachment Interviews and testimonies of children provide insights into attachment related issues and highlight various manifestations of trauma post-earthquake-and-riots in these children selected from different parts of Gujarat. The research is interested in knowing if the nature of the trauma impacts differentially on the attachment representations of the child. Few case studies help to develop the theme of attachment trauma further and seek to elaborate on nuances of ethnographically oriented psychodynamic research, work with economically-and-socially marginalized child population in India, and the problems such as translation, coding and presentation of qualitative data obtained from field work.